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Get paper handout, fill in values for registers and memory
as we discuss the instructions in this lecture.
The program starts with PC set to address zero.
The instructions are defined on cs411_opcodes.txt
part1.abs
address instruction assembly language
00000000 8C010074 lw $1,w2($0)
00000004 8C020078 lw $2,w3($0)
00000008 00000000 nop
0000000C 00000000 nop
00000010 00221820 add $3,$1,$2
00000014 00222022 sub $4,$1,$2
00000018 00012BC2 sll $5,$1,15
0000001C 00023404 srl $6,$2,16
00000020 0003380F cmpl $7,$3
00000024 0022580A and $11,$1,$2
00000028 AC01007C sw $1,w4($0)
0000002C 3C080070 addi $8,w1
00000030 00000000 nop
00000034 00000000 nop
00000038 8D090004 lw $9,4($8)
0000003C 3D0A0008 addi $10,8($8)
00000040 00000000 nop
00000044 00000000 nop
00000048 AD430000 sw $3,0($10)
...
00000070 11111111 w1: word 0x11111111
00000074 22222222 w2: word 0x22222222
00000078 33333333 w3: word 0x33333333
0000007C 44444444 w4: word 0x44444444
After the CPU has executed the first instruction:
General Registers RAM memory
initial final
$0 00000000
--------
$1 22222222 00000070 11111111
-------- -------- ____________
$2 00000074 22222222
______________ -------- ____________
$3 00000078 33333333
______________ -------- ____________
$4 0000007C 44444444
______________ -------- ____________
$5 00000080 xxxxxxxx
______________ -------- ____________
$6
______________
$7
______________
$8
______________
$9
______________
$10
______________
$11
______________
This is part of your project: part1.abs
and the result of running that small program: part1.chk
Note the large amount of information printed each clock time.
Note that it takes 5 clock cycles to finish an instruction.
Basic MUX Truth Table and Schematic
How MUX are used to route data
There are basic design principles for computer architecture
and many apply to broader applications.
Design Principle 1:
Simplicity is best achieved through regularity.
A few building blocks, used systematically, will have
fewer errors, be available sooner and sell for less.
A uniform instruction set allows better compilers.
Design Principle 2:
Smaller is faster:
Smaller feature size means signals can move faster.
Shorter paths, less stages, allow completion sooner.
Design Principle 3:
Good design requires good compromises.
There are no perfect architectures. There are kluges.
Design Principle 4:
Make the common part fast.
Amdahl's law, be sure you are maximizing speedup.
Pentium 4 Hyper threading
Intel Core Duo
AMD quad core, one core shown
$329 for just 1/2 quad core processor
a 4 CPU, 8GB RAM configuration
Now 12-core 16GB RAM, 3 hard drives, 2 DVD writers
Practice safe computing!
Beware Malware, Spyware and Adware:
Do everything you can to keep malware from infecting your systems,
malware authors do all they can to keep their work from being
detected and removed. By looking at the methods that malware uses
to keep itself safe, you can better root it out and remove
it before the damage is done. Downloading attachments is the
primary way malware gets into your system.
HW3 assigned
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