clisp programming language

Learn from examples

1. Program to output an integer, a string,
   and a floating point number, initially just one method.

  exc1.lisp source code

; excl1.lisp  example  print string, integer, float

(print "clisp  excl1.lisp # running")

#| block comments
   (<clisp> <xxx.lisp≷) executes the function operation
   and prints a function result
|#
(setq mystr "my string") ; give a string a variable name
(print mystr)

(setq i 7)               ; give a integer a variable name
(print "i 7 =")
(print i)
(print "increment i")
(setq i (+ i 1))
(print i)

(setq x 76.54)           ; give a real a variable name
(setf xx 45.67)
(setq y 1.2345D2)        ; D allowed
(setq z 3.456e+4)        ; e+ more common
(setq zz 3.456e-4)       ; e- OK see how it prints
(print "x 76.54 =")
(print x)
(print "xx 45.67 =")
(print xx)
(print "y 1.234D2 =")
(print y)                ; shifted
(print "z 3.456e+4 =")
(print z)                ; shifted
(print "zz 3.456e-4 =")
(print zz)               ; same

(print "(+ x y) =")      ; using variables set above
(print (+ x y))
(print "(+ x z) =")
(print (+ x z))
(print "(+ z zz} =")
(print (+ z zz))

(print "(+ 2 3) =")     ; operate on constants
(write (+ 2 3))

(print "(newline) is not defined");
(print " ")
(print "two blank lines")
(FORMAT T "~% ~%" #\return #\linefeed ) NIL
(print "end blank lines")

; a list, rather than an operation starts with '(

(print '("text" 123 3.14159))

(print "(cons 123 (cons 3.14159 nil))=" )
(print (cons 123 (cons 3.14159 nil)) )
(print "why? (cons 123 3.14159)=" )
(print (cons 123 3.14159) )

(print (format t "string=~s int=~d real=~f" "abc" 123 3.24))

(print "T stands for true, NIL stands for false")
(print "(print (eq 2 2))=")
(print (eq 2 2))
(print "(print (eq 2 3))=")
(print (eq 2 3))

(print "excl1.lisp finished")


  Output from execution:

"clisp  excl1.lisp # running" 
"(+ 2 3)=" 5
"(newline) is not defined" 
" " 
"two blank lines" 
 

"end blank lines" 
("text" 123 3.14159) 
"(cons 123 (cons 3.14159 nil))=" 
(123 3.14159) 
"why? (cons 123 3.14159)=" 
(123 . 3.14159) string="abc" int=123 real=3.24
NIL 
"T stands for true, NIL stands for false" 
"(print (eq 2 2))=" 
T 
"(print (eq 2 3))=" 
NIL 
"excl1.lisp finished" 


2. commands to execute the source code
   at a minimum, Windows, Linux, MacOSX.

   Windows:             optional write output to file
   clisp excl1.lisp       clisp excl1.lisp > excl1_lisp.out
  
   Linux:
   clisp excl1.lisp

   MacOSX
   clisp excl1.lisp


3. You must be able to declare variables and arrays
   and matrix of various types.

  excl3.lisp source code

; excl3.lisp  example  declare variables, arrays, matrix
(print "clisp  excl3.lisp # running")

(setf X 2.0)
(print "X =")
(write X)

(setf A (make-array '(3)))
(setf (aref A 0) 1.0)
(setf (aref A 1) 2.0)
(setf (aref A 2) 3.0)
(print "A= ")
(write A)
(print "(* X (aref A 1)) =")
(write (* X (aref A 1)))

(setf M2 (make-array '(3 3) :initial-contents '((0.0 1.0 2.0)
						(3.0 4.0 5.0)
						(6.0 7.0 8.0)) ))
(print "M2= ")
(write M2)
(print "print M2= ")
(print M2)

(dotimes (i 3)
  (dotimes (j 3)
    (print "M2 i j value ")
    (write i)
    (write " ")
    (write j)
    (write " ")
    (write (aref M2 i j))
  )
)

(print "excl3.lisp finished")


Execution output:

"clisp  excl3.lisp # running" 
"X =" 2.0
"A= " #(1.0 2.0 3.0)
"(* X (aref A 1)) =" 4.0
"M2= " #2A((0.0 1.0 2.0) (3.0 4.0 5.0) (6.0 7.0 8.0))

"print M2= " 
#2A((0.0 1.0 2.0) (3.0 4.0 5.0) (6.0 7.0 8.0)) 

"M2 i j value " 0" "0" "0.0
"M2 i j value " 0" "1" "1.0
"M2 i j value " 0" "2" "2.0
"M2 i j value " 1" "0" "3.0
"M2 i j value " 1" "1" "4.0
"M2 i j value " 1" "2" "5.0
"M2 i j value " 2" "0" "6.0
"M2 i j value " 2" "1" "7.0
"M2 i j value " 2" "2" "8.0
"excl3.lisp finished" 


4. You need to be able to have loops, iteration statements

  excl4.lisp source code

; excl4.lisp  example  loops, iteration

(print "clisp  excl4.lisp # running")

(print "(loop for i from 1 to 3")
(loop for i from 1 to 3
   do (print i)
)

(setf n 3)
(print "n = ")
(write n)
(setf V (make-array n :initial-contents '(0.5 1.5 2.5) ))
(print "(loop for i from 0 to (- n 1) ; C for(i=0; i<n; i++)")
(loop for i from 0 to (- n 1) ; C for(i=0; i<n; i++)
    do (print "V[")
       (write i)
       (write " ]=")
       (write (aref V i))
)

(print "excl4.lisp finished")



Execution output:

"clisp  excl4.lisp # running" 
"(loop for i from 1 to 3" 
1 
2 
3 
"n = " 3
"(loop for i from 0 to (- n 1) ; C for(i=0; i<n; i++)" 
"V[" 0" ]="0.5
"V[" 1" ]="1.5
"V[" 2" ]="2.5
"excl4.lisp finished" 



5. You need  if then else  conditional statements

  excl5.lisp source code

; excl5.lisp  example  if then, when, case, cond

(print "clisp  excl5.lisp # running")
(setq i 2)
(if(≷ i 1)         ; =  /=  ≷=  <= 
  (print "i ≷ 1") ; true part
)

(if(= i 3)
  (print "bad i=2")             ; true part
  (print "else good i |= 3")    ; false part
)

(if (and (≷ i 1) (< i 3))
   (print "(and (≷ i 1) (< i 3))")) ; end if

(if (or (/= i 3) (≷= i 0))
   (print "(or (/= i 3 ) (≷= i 0 ))"))

(if (not (and (≷ i 3) (≷= i 3)))
   (print "((not (and (≷ i 3) (≷= i 3)))"))

; when
; cond
; case

    
(print "excl5.lisp finished")


Execution output:



6. You need to be able to create functions, procedures,
   subroutines.

  excl6.lisp source code



Execution output:

  

7. You need to be able to read and write files in various formats.

  excl7.lisp source code


Execution output:


8. You need to be able to use a number of files combined to
   build a program. This may include packages, libraries,
   operating system commands, header files, etc.

  excl8.lisp source code


Execution output:

Last updated 7/27/2019