1. Define inheritance.
2. Why do we use inheritance in C++? In other words, why is it useful?
3. Give an example of inheritance.
4. Write simple code to show how you define inheritance in C++.
5. What specific things does using inheritance in C++ allow ?

----
Questions 6-9 are based on the description below:

Consider a class Shape with a derived class Quadrilateral.

/* Defining public members is generally bad design, we will ignore that
for this question */
class Shape {
public:
       int num_edges;  // eg 3 for triangle, 4 for rectangle etc...

       Shape(int edges):num_edges(edges) {}
};

class Quadrilateral : Public Shape
{
public:
       int type;  // Rectangle = 1, Square = 2, Rhombus = 3
       Quadrilateral(int qtype, int edges): Shape(num_edges), type(qtype) {}
};

6. Define a class Rectangle that derives from class Quadrilateral.
7. Define two member variables, length and breadth for this class.

8. Now, define a constructor for this class that will call its base class.
9. Now, find out what the following statement will print:

  int main() {

  Rectangle rect;

  cout << sizeof(rect);

  }
---

10. Think about what the following class with print:

  class EmptyClass {

  };

  int main() {

  EmptyClass empty;
  cout << sizeof(empty);

  }

  Did the class print what you expected? Explain your answer.

11. Explain protected inheritance.