Cryptanalysis of substitution type ciphers

Vigenere
           1. determing the key size
                  a) method of Babbage and Kasiski
                      repeated occurrence of strings
                      example 
                  b) Friedman's method - index of coincidence


           2. determining the key
                  division of cipher text into substrings
                  determining relative shifts
                      index of mutual coincidence
  

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