443 topics Spring 2009 last modified 1/28 2:30pm
Jan. 26
Discussion of the class and 'point system' used
for grading
description of the fundamental ideas of cryptology
basic terms and their meanings
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Jan. 28
Continuation of the basic cryptologic setting.
example of earliest methods
fundamentals of cryptology
cryptography and cryptanalysis
. cryptographic framework
plaintext, ciphertext, key, transformations, spaces
symmetrical encryption
example---
simple substitution, viewed as permutation
non-standard alphabets
cryptanalysis framework and terms
ciphertext only, known plaintext, chosen plaintext
chosen ciphertext
simple substitution
basic description
classically 'character' substitution
but -- bit string substitution
efficient representation of key
examples------
Caesar cipher - discussion
plaintext, ciphertext, key space
affine ciphers
basic form, notion of a model
congruence, computational framework
Z/n integers mod n
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Feb. 2 computational framework continued, notion, interpretation
of negative numbers, multiplicative and additive identities,
inverses, rings, zero divisors, solving computational
congruences
some improvements and types of monoalphabetic substitution---
a) Playfair cipher
b) Hill Cipher
linear algebra over Z/n , example
the idea of a block cipher
as a transposition cipher
at the binary level Z/2
c) homophonic ciphers
practical method of construction
example, brief mention of Beale ciphers
d) fractionated Morse code
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Feb. 4 Polyalphabetic substitution
definition
example - Alberti wheel
Vigenere's cipher
LFSR stream ciphers.
Example using a four bit register.
breaking the LFSR
choosing the taps
Loose ends
Finite fields
Galois fields GF(2^n)
example
groups
Rubik's cube
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Feb. 9
discussion of entropy
entropy
properties
entropy of key space , equivocation
character entropy, unicity distance
example
unicity distance
cryptanalysis
simple substitution
interactive, automated
borodkin,,and genetic approach
started discussing columnar transposition
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Feb. 11
Cryptoanalysis continued...Vigenere, Hill's cipher,
LFSR
Famous unsolved ciphers ---
Beale cipher ...gold in Virginia ?
Elgar's cipher
Poe's cipher...and its solution
Voynich manuscript...what is this?
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Poe's cipher...and its solution
Voynich manuscript...what is this?
Kryptos...cipher at CIA Langley
Zodiac - cipher of a serial killer
Feb. 16 entropy and key equivocation
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Intractable problems
general discussion
intractable problems, P, NP computational complexity
discussion
examples
satisfiability
Hamiltonian circuit, TSP
solving non-linear equations over Z/2
relationship to crypto systems
Compendium of N
P optimization problems
The Ham
iltonian Page Hamiltonian Cycle and Path problems
NP Comp
lete NIST
NP hard
block ciphers
DES
Feb. 18 design
CBC,
intractable problems, P, NP computational complexity
discussion
examples
satisfiability
Hamiltonian circuit, TSP
solving non-linear equations over Z/2
relationship to crypto systems
Compendium of N
P optimization problems
The Ham
iltonian Page Hamiltonian Cycle and Path problems
NP Comp
lete NIST
NP hard
NP Complete Wikipedia
Compendium of NP optimization problems
The Hamiltonian Page Hamiltonian Cycle and Path problems
NP Complete NIST
NP hard
block ciphers
DES
Feb. 18 design
CBC,
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Feb/ 23 DES continued....attacks on DES
breaking DES using a molecular computer
breaking DES in record time of 22 hours (1999)
comments on DES and open design
structure of AES
brief description of Knapsack cipher
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Feb. 25 Exam 1
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March 3 UMBC cancelled
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more on Knapsack cipher
March 5
Spillman's paper on cryptanalysis of knapsack ciphers using
genetic algorithms
http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a748639242~db=all~order=page
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March 11
***turn in ***** HW1 Ciphers 1-3
March 15 --- Spring Break
March 20 --- Spring Break
March 25
***** projects from Unit 1 due *******
RSA
RSA
fundamentals
definition of e,d
verification of the method
implementation of the method
primes and their propterties
The Prime Number Theorem
March 27 ---- EXAM 2
April 6
April 8
guess speaker Jeffrey Walton
"Cryptography in the Real World"
April 13
April 15
April 20
April 22
April 27
April 29 Dr. Larry Waggoner -- guest speaker
"NSA"
May 4 Prof. Lomonaco -- guest speaker
"Quantum Computation"
May 6 Quantum Cryptography.........class evaluations
>
article twenty years of attacks on RSA
planetmath quadratic sieve
Wikipedia quadratic sieve
Parallel quadratic sieve using MPI
distributed quadratic sieve
quadratic sieve with grid computing
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March 30
discussion of factoring...Pollard's p-1 method, Pollard's rho
Diffie Hellman key exchange was given; some discussion given
to 'the man in the middle'. the discrete log problem was mentioned
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April 1
Hashing was discussed.
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April 6
discusssion of quadratic residues. The easy case still
needs to be resolved. A Las Vegas Algorithm for finding square
roots of quadratic residues as given.
Hashing continued...the birthday problem
brief discussion of 'Secret Sharing'
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April 8
Jeff Walton is our guest speaker. He spoke on applications
of cryptography to the real world 'Protecting Data in the Field'
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April 13
We will continue with secret sharing