Net8 Administrator's Guide
Release 8.1.5
A67440-01

Contents

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Preface

Part I Net8 Overview and Concepts

1 Introducing Net8

Net8 Overview

Oracle Connectivity Overview

Configuration Overview

Connection Routing Capabilities

2 Architecture and Concepts

Net8 Operations

Connect Operations

Data Operations

Exception Operations

Net8 Architecture

Networking Environments

Net8 and the Transparent Network Substrate (TNS)

Stack Communications

Stack Communications in a Typical Oracle Networking Environment

Server-to-Server Interaction

Stack Communications in an IIOP Environment

Stack Communications in a JDBC Environment

Network Sessions to Multi-Threaded Servers

Network Sessions to Dedicated Servers

Bequeathed Network Sessions to Dedicated Servers

Net8 and the Listener

Database Instance Registration to Listeners

Client Connections

Connect-Time Failover

Oracle Names Architecture

Administrative Regions

Oracle Names As Data Repository

Data Stored in an Oracle Names Server

Organizing and Naming Network Components

Using Multiple Regions to Decentralize Administrative Responsibilities

Differences Between Versions of Oracle Names

Understanding Discovery

Oracle Connection Manager Architecture

Oracle Connection Manager Processes

Connection Concentration

Net8 Access Control

Multi-Protocol Support

Connection Pooling

Part II Net8 Setup and Configuration

3 Planning Your Network

Planning Overview

Defining Your Network Layout

Resolving Net Service Names

Centralized Naming Using Oracle Names

External Naming

Choosing a Naming Method

Improving Large Network Performance

Managing Connection Requests

Connection Pooling

Connection Concentration

Client Load Balancing

Optimizing Data Transfer by Adjusting the Session Data Unit (SDU) Size

Persistent Buffer Flushing for TCP/IP

Configuring Listener Queuesize

Planning Summary

4 Understanding Release 8.1 Installation and Net8 Products

New Products and Features In This Release

Net8 Release 8.1 Configuration File Changes

Configuration File Syntax Changes

TNSNAMES.ORA Changes

LISTENER.ORA Changes

CMAN.ORA Changes

Obsolete Parameters for Release 8.1

Net8 Installation and Net8 Products

Net8 Server Installation

Net8 Client Installation

Net8 Products Overview

5 Considerations for Upgrades and Migration

Net8 and SQL*Net Differences

Obsolete SQL*Net Parameters

Client and Database Compatibility Issues

Oracle8i Client Release 8.1 Connection to Oracle8i Database Release 8.1

Oracle8i Release 8.0/Oracle7 Client Connection to Oracle8i Database Release 8.1

Oracle8i Client Release 8.1 Connection to Oracle8i Database Release 8.0/Oracle7 Database

Using the Net8 Assistant to Handle Compatibility Issues

Using Release 8.1 Features and Connecting To a Release 8.1 Service

Using Release 8.0/7.x Features and Connecting To a Release 8.0/7.x Service

Migrating and Upgrading Considerations

Upgrading and Migrating to Net8 Release 8.1

Step 1: Verify Service Name and Instance Name

Step 2: Perform Software Upgrade or Migration on the Server

Step 3: Perform Software Upgrade or Migration on the Client

Step 4: Perform Functional Upgrade and Migration

Additional Considerations for Oracle Connection Manager and Oracle Names

Using Oracle Connection Manager Release 8.1

Using Oracle Connection Manager Instead of Oracle Multi-Protocol Interchange

Using Oracle Names Version 8

6 Configuring Naming Methods and the Listener

Configuration Overview

Setting Service Names and Instance Names

Configuration Models

Configuration Files

Configuring the Network with the Host Naming Method

Step 1: Configure the Listener with the Global Database Name

Step 2: Configure HOSTNAME as the First Naming Method

Step 3: Set Up Host Name Resolution Environment

Configuring the Network with the Local Naming Method

Configuration During Installation

Configuration After Installation

Configuring the Network with the Oracle Names Method

Step 1: Consider Oracle Names Options

Step 2: Install

Step 3: Create an Oracle Names Server

Step 4: Configure Clients and Database Servers To Use Oracle Names Servers

Step 5: Configure the Listener

Step 6: Register Data with the Oracle Names Server

Step 7: (Optional) Delegate Domains to Delegated Administrative Regions

Configuring the Network with the External Naming Method

Configuring the Listener

Re-Starting the Listener After a LISTENER.ORA File Modification

Configuring Listener Protocol Addresses

Configuring a Listener that Uses a Non-Default Port

Using a Listener Name Other than LISTENER

Handling Larger Volumes of Connection Requests

Configuring a Listener with Service Information

Configuring Protocol Addresses

Address Components

Protocol Parameters

7 Enabling Optional Net8 Features

Modifying Net Service Names

Modifying Attributes of a Net Service Name

Renaming a Net Service Name

Adding a Protocol Address to a Net Service Name

Deleting a Protocol Address from a Net Service Name

Deleting a Net Service Name

Configuring Advanced Connection Attributes for a Net Service Name

Configuring Multiple Address Options

Configuring a Profile

Configuring Domains

Prioritizing Net Service Name Naming Method Resolution

Configuring Preferred Oracle Names Servers

Configuring Advanced Profile Information

Routing Connection Requests

Configuring Oracle Advanced Security

Enabling Connection Concentration

Step 1: Configure Oracle Connection Manager

Step 2: Configure the Server

Step 3: Configure the Client

Enabling Multi-Protocol Support

Step 1: Configure Oracle Connection Manager

Step 2: Configure the Client

Enabling Net8 Access Control

Step 1: Configure Oracle Connection Manager

Step 2: Configure the Client

Configuring the Client for Oracle Connection Manager Features

Step 1: Configure an Oracle Connection Manager Address

Step 2: Configure the Listener Address

Enabling Connection Pooling

Configuring Java Option Connections

Java Stored Procedure Configuration

Enterprise JavaBeans and CORBA Configuration

Using the Default Configuration of Oracle8i for EJBs and CORBA through the Listener

Using a Non-Default Configuration

Using SSL with EJBs and CORBA

Configuring Non-Oracle Database Services

Configuring Net8 for External Procedures

Configuring Net8 for Oracle Heterogeneous Services

Configuring Net8 for an Oracle Rdb Database

8 Establishing a Connection and Testing the Network

Connecting to a Database

Net8 Component Startup Overview

Entering a Connect String

Checklist for Troubleshooting Common Startup and Connection Problems

Testing the Network

Using Net8 Control Utilities

Testing an Oracle Names Server

Testing Network Objects Using NAMESCTL or the Net8 Assistant

Testing a Listener

Testing Oracle Connection Manager

Testing Configuration on the Server

Testing Network Connectivity from the Client

9 Configuring Multi-Threaded Server

Configuring Oracle for Multi-Threaded Server Architecture

Setting the Initial Number of Dispatchers

Configuring Both Multi-Threaded Server and Dedicated Server Modes

Overriding Multi-Threaded Server Mode on the Client

10 Enabling Net8 Enhancements for Programmers

Net8 OPEN API Function Calls

Finding the Net8 OPEN Applications Program Interface

Building Your Own Application

Configuring the System to Use Your Net8 OPEN Application

Sample Programs

Net8 OPEN API Errors

UNIX Client Programming

Signal Handler and Alarm Programming

11 Troubleshooting Net8

Diagnosing Net8

Server Diagnostics

Client Diagnostics

Resolving the Most Common Error Messages

Troubleshooting Tips from the Field

Questions to Ask When Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting Network Problems Using Log and Trace Files

Logging Error Information

Understanding and Setting Log Parameters

Setting Log Settings During Runtime of Control Utilities

Using Log Files

Listener's Log Audit Trail

Understanding Oracle Connection Manager Logs

Tracing Error Information

Trace File Names

Understanding and Setting Trace Parameters

Setting Trace Settings During Runtime of Control Utilities

Evaluating Net8 Traces

Using the Trace Assistant to Examine Your Trace Files

Contacting Oracle Customer Support

Part III Reference

A Control Utilities for the Listener, Oracle Names Server, and Oracle Connection Manager

Operating Modes

Listener Control Utility (LSNRCTL)

SET and SHOW Modifiers

LSNRCTL Commands

Oracle Names Control Utility (NAMESCTL)

Parameter Options

SET and SHOW Modifiers

NAMESCTL's Distributed Operation

Confirmation Mode in NAMESCTL

NAMESCTL Commands

Oracle Connection Manager Control Utility (CMCTL)

B Sample Configuration Files

Profile (SQLNET.ORA)

Local Naming Configuration File (TNSNAMES.ORA)

Listener Configuration File (LISTENER.ORA)

Oracle Names Server Configuration File (NAMES.ORA)

Oracle Connection Manager Configuration File (CMAN.ORA)

C Configuration Parameters

Syntax Rules for Configuration Files

Further Syntax Rules for Configuration Files

Network Character Set

ADDRESSes and ADDRESS_LISTs

Profile Parameters (SQLNET.ORA)

Local Naming Parameters (TNSNAMES.ORA)

Multiple Descriptions

Multiple Address Lists

Changed Functionality of Client Load Balancing and DESCRIPTION_LISTs

DESCRIPTIONS and DESCRIPTION_LISTs

ADDRESSes and ADDRESS_LISTs

Optional Parameters for Lists

CONNECT_DATA Section

Listener Parameters (LISTENER.ORA)

Listener Address Section

SID_LIST_listener_name Static Service Section

Control Parameters

Oracle Names Parameters (NAMES.ORA)

Oracle Connection Manager Parameters (CMAN.ORA)

Protocol-Specific Parameters (PROTOCOL.ORA)

Glossary

Index

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